The 'golden angle phi' may be found everywhere in the natural world and its mathematics provides the 'golden section' favoured by artists and architects over millenia.
- Exact Value: \(\phi = \frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2} \approx 1.6180339887\dots\)
- Quadratic Equation: \(\phi^2 = \phi + 1\) (or \(\phi^2 - \phi - 1 = 0\))
- Reciprocal Property: \(\frac{1}{\phi} = \phi - 1 \approx 0.618\)
- Continued Fraction: \(\phi = 1 + \frac{1}{1 + \frac{1}{1 + \frac{1}{1+\dots}}}\) [1, 2, 3, 4]
Credit: Wikipedia.
The fern in the image above is arranged and unfurling following those precise mathematical rules.👍🪴